Niko DeRoin-Davidson (Otoe-Missouria/ Choctaw)
wears an Otoe-style dress made of elk skin. The dress was a high school
graduation gift from her family. The dress and all the beadwork were
made by her uncle, Charles Johnson (Otoe), an extended family member.
The snowflake patterns on the beadwork are each different; as is true
in nature, no two are alike. Many Southern Plains women wear a
breastplate with their outfit, but DeRoin-Davidson wears an old-style
Otoe necklace made of bone, beads and coins. Her mother made her
moccasins, shawl, purse and belt. The crown was made by a friend,
George Desjarlais (Cree), from Alberta. As she says, "Quite a few
people contributed to the making of the outfit, which is kind of like
my life; everyone has contributed something to it." DeRoin-Davidson has
been dancing since age one and a half. She has danced jingle and fancy
shawl, but prefers southern traditional and gourd dance for their grace
and power. Dancing at powwows is a big part of her life. "I always
remember what I was taught when I was first learning to dance," she
shares, "and that is to always stay humble and dance for those who
can't."
Happy Frejo (Pawnee/Seminole)
wears a traditional-style Seminole outfit made by her auntie, Ruby Lena
(Seminole) of Wewoka, Oklahoma. Both the cape and skirt would
traditionally be made of cotton fabric, but here Lena chose purple lamé
for a dressier and more contemporary look. Earlier capes were often
much shorter, exposing the midriff. The full skirt, floor length and
gathered around the waist, is a stunning example of Seminole patchwork.
Patchwork, piecing together many small pieces of cloth to form a larger
one, originated in the late 1800s out of necessity but quickly became a
competitive art form and subsequent tourist attraction. The
introduction of the sewing machine in the early 20th century
revolutionized patchwork, allowing for more complex designs to be
accomplished in less time. The glass beads Frejo wears represent the
earlier fashion of wearing as much as 10 pounds of glass beads over the
cape. Frejo is a performance artist, dancer, singer/songwriter, poet
and aspiring actress. She teaches dance on reservations and to
inner-city children. Beginning in May, she will be on tour with Spirit,
the Seventh Fire, an inspiring multimedia performance combining live
music and dance with film.
Shaylin Shabi (Navajo)
wears an early style of traditional dress, the Navajo rug dress, which
came into being as an alternative to the wrap-around blanket dress,
similar to the Puebloan manta on page 32. Two identical wool rugs are
sewn together at the sides and top, leaving openings for the arms and
head. A dress like this is typically made to celebrate a special
occasion or achievement. A family friend in Kayenta, Arizona made this
dress, to celebrate Shabi's volleyball team's winning season. A sash
belt is worn over the dress and a concho belt over that. The sash belt
has much significance in the Navajo tradition. It promotes good posture
and an industrious character in the young girl and woman, and reminds
her of the sanctity of womanhood. The sash belt is also used during
labor, and after childbirth the new mother wears it to help flatten her
stomach and regain her slim figure. A cousin wove this sash belt. It is
also traditional to wear turquoise. The pieces Shabi wears belong to
her mother and will eventually be handed down to her, as is the custom.
Shabi holds a traditional straw hairbrush used to brush and comb the
hair into the distinctive Navajo bun or hair knot-"kind of like a
burrito," she says-tied off with white yarn. Shabi is from Kayenta and
grew up in Glendale, Arizona. She is currently a journalism major at a
college in Utah.
Segi Carter (Navajo/Cherokee/African American)
wears a later-period Navajo dress. This style became popular in the
late 1800s after the Long Walk (see page 24), when the Navajo were
forced to walk to Fort Sumner and were held there in captivity for
years. The Navajo women were taught to sew by the soldiers' wives and
incorporated the long skirts and blouses the white women wore into
their own traditions. Carter wears a three-tier velveteen skirt and
long-sleeved blouse made with the help of her mother. The tiers
represent the three phases of a woman's life: the bottom panel for
infancy, the center for her adult years and the top panel for her elder
years. Turquoise is prized by the Navajo and represents Tsoodzil (Mt.
Taylor), the southern of the four sacred mountains that border the land
of the Diné. The squash blossom necklace and bracelets belong to
Carter's grandmother and are in the antique style. The blanket she
wears as a shawl is a 2nd Phase Chief Revival woven by Priscilla Warren
in 2002. Her hair is in the traditional Navajo-style bun (tsiiéél),
which incorporates the sacred number of four: the hair is rolled four
times and wrapped four times (two times each side) with yarn. Carter
was born in Los Angeles and grew up and currently lives in Albuquerque,
but calls Whitecone, Arizona home. She hopes to pursue a career in
sports medicine but loves fashion and would like to study that as well.
Mary Hubbell-Ansera (San Felipe Pueblo)
is wearing the traditional attire for the annual Green Corn Dance, to
which visitors are welcomed each May 1. The black manta is a woven wool
overdress, worn leaving the left shoulder bare, representing fertility
and humility. It is accented by a cotton underdress-a post-contact
addition-embroidered brightly with elaborate symbols of clouds, sun,
rain, mountains and vegetation. Both dresses were sewn and embroidered
by her aunt. The dress is held in place with a traditional woven belt
that can be up to six feet in length, wrapped around the waist and
tucked in at the ends. The jewelry includes white shell beads with a
turquoise jaclaw attached in the front center, and black bracelets made
by twisting long strands of beads around the wrist. These beaded
bracelets were more abundant and easier to acquire than turquoise. The
long, straight hair represents falling rain in dances praying for rain
and good crops. Pueblo women wear red moccasins for day-to-day wear and
a white wrap moccasin for more formal events, both of traditionally
tanned deer or elk hides. For the Green Corn Dance, however, women
dance barefoot, representing their ability to touch the Mother Earth.
Hubbell-Ansera is pursuing graduate work to attain her doctor of
audiology degree. She hopes to one day provide much-needed, affordable
audiological services to Native American communities.
Larry Price-originally
from Sheep Springs, New Mexico and a member of the Navajo Nation-has a
passion for creating photographic images. Price didn't get serious
about photography until January 2002 when he came across an article in
Photographic Magazine about a photographer from Flagstaff, Arizona. The
imagery in those pages moved him.
"I
thought to myself, I can do that," Price says. "Little did I know it
wasn't that easy." That inspiring photographer was John Running. Price
was especially blown away by the Native images. Soon after, he
contacted Running and was invited to visit his studio. This visit led
to introductions to other great photographers.
In addition to
mentors such as John Running, Sam Minkler and Raechel Running, Price
learned the craft of photography from books, magazines and much
experimentation. Among his heroes are Irving Penn, Greg Gorman, John
Running and Edward S. Curtis.
Price enjoys people photography the
most-with a special passion for fashion and music. He has shot calendar
photos and editorial subjects for a variety of clients, including
Native Peoples magazine (May/June 2004).
The
main reason Price started taking pictures was to portray Natives in a
positive light. To further that goal, he launched Native Model Studio
in 2003. The vision of NMS is to create a network of Native talent:
photographers, models, fashion designers, actors, filmmakers,
musicians, singers and graphic artists. In association with this, NMS
released its first calendar for the 2005 year. The 2006 edition will be
launched during the Gathering of Nations Pow Wow. To learn more about
NMS check out the website at www.nativemodelstudio.com.
More of Larry Price's work can be see at www.nativephotographer.com